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Water holding capacity of soil-

Field capacity or water holding capacity of soil may be soil defined as the amount of water retained by the soil particles after the excess amount of water has been drained off due to gravitational force. The water holding capacity is equal to the gravitational force. The water holding capacity is equal to the amount of water left in the wet soil when excess amount has been removed by a centrifugal force of 1000 x gravity. In fact the field capacity of represents the amount of both hygroscopic and capillary water present in soil. The amount of water held by soil depends upon total pore space in the soil and the supply of water to the soil. The soil contains the water in the interconnecting spaces, in capillaries, these capillary vary in size, angle and continuity and normally the clay soil has more water holding capacity, than sandy soil.

Types of Soil Water | Botany | Plant Physiology | Bareilly Tuitions | By Sharma Sir | New Batches |

Types of Soil Water -

1. Run-away water-The soil water is the main source of water supply of plants. After heavy rain fall, some amount of water run-off along the slopes and reaches to deeper layers of soil. This type of water is not available to the plants and is known as run-away water. 

2. Gravitational water-Some amount of water percolates through the interspaces present in soil particles and reaches to such depth due to gravitational force where roots cannot utilize this water, this type of soil water is, known as Gravitational water. 

3. Capillary water-When the gravitational water descends it moistens the soil particles in the path and a large amount of water is retained between the soil particles due to the phenomenon of surface tension. This retained water is called "capillary water", and is the main source of water supply to the plants. 

4. Hygroscopic water- This type of water is the vapor form and occurring in the atmosphere and upper layer of soil. It remains attached to soil particles in thin film, therefore, not available to the plants. This type of water can be absorbed by epiphytes which develops special hygroscopic roots for absorbing this type of water. 5.Chemically combined water- If the soil is heated in a oven at Approximately 105°C hygroscopic water can be evaporated. After the Hygroscopic water is gone, only water that remains in the soil is in hydrates Of aluminum, iron and silicon etc. Such chemically combined water can be driven off only by heating the soil at much higher temperatures. 

6.Water vapor- That portion of the pore space in a soil which is not occupied by liquid water contains a soil atmosphere that always includes water vapor.

Importance of Water in Physiology of plants. || By Sharma Sir || Bareilly Tuitions || New Batches Start>

Importance of Water in Physiology of plants.

Importance of Water in Physiology of plants. The water is most essential for the life. This is the most important plant nutrient and constitutes the greater part of the plant weight. As a matter of fact water in sufficient quantity is a vital necessity for all plants; As water is the main constituent of protoplasm, therefore it enters into the composition of each and every living cell controls each and every vital process. Water being the major component of the protoplasm, it forms the solvent in which gases and all mineral substances are absorbed by the plants. The turgidity of cells depends upon water, which make growth possible. The various Phenomenon are closely related to the life of plants, like transpiration, photosynthesis, absorption, permeability, ascent of sap etc. are more or less dependent on the presence of water, inside and outside the plant body. Because enzymes are active in presence of water, hence the process of food assimilation, respiration etc.; are also dependent on water. A number of movements in plants are brought about by changes in turgor as a result of changes in the water content of the cells. The deficiency of water in plant body affects a number of process such as growth, photosynthesis. Respiration, transpiration, translocation etc. and the continuous deficiency of water results in the death of plant by desiccation. 

Thus it may be concluded that water is one of the five basic elements (Earth, water, air, sky and fire) of life as recognized in Indian Mythology. Some of the important function of water mainly in plants is as follows: 

(i) Water is essential component of protoplasm. 

(ii) Water is a good solvent. 

(iii) Water act as a chemical reactant in living beings. 

(iv) Water helps to mention rigidity (Turgidity of cells & tissues) 

(v) Water helps the plant in maintaining their temperature. 

(vi) Water is essential medium for completing life cycle of many lower aquatic forms of plants.

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योग - एक परिचय 

क्या है योग ? , क्या हम जो रोज अपने टी बी स्क्रीन पर देखते हैं वो ? या जो हम अपने मोबाइल पर सर्च करके जो परिणाम पाते है वो ? सायद नहीं मेरे अनुसार योग का दायरा इतना सिमित नहीं है | यदि हमें योग को समझना है तो हमें योग के तत्वों को पहले समझना होगा क्यूंकि योग स्वयं में अत्यंत व्यापक शब्द है योग का अर्थ विभिन्न आसनो से समझना भूल होगी | आसान , प्राणायाम आदि तो योग के साधन मात्र हैं | योग का तो अर्थ है की ब्रह्माण्ड की एक प्रकार की ऊर्जा को परम ऊर्जा के स्रोत अर्थात परमात्मा के साथ एक सूत्र हो जाना | योग का तो अर्थ ही है जोड़ना और जोड़ने में सदैव दो या दो से अधिक की आवश्यकता होती है बस फर्क सिर्फ इतना है की उस जोड़ की तरह यहाँ १ + १ = २ नहीं होते यहाँ तो १+१= १ ही हो जाते है आत्मा का योग सभी आत्माओ के स्रोत परमात्मा से योग |

Ecology | Bareilly Tuitions I Home Tuitions Provider in Bareilly | Sharma Sir

 Ecology | An Introduction |